Types of gypsum finishes and exterior embodiments of buildings

Gypsum: Also called plastering, it is a process by which the rough surfaces of wall or ceiling surfaces or are turned over to provide smoothness. Initially, wet materials are spread over brick or brick work and then appropriate equipment is used to make the surface smooth. In this article, we will learn about the types of gypsum finishes and the external embodiment of buildings.

The primary purpose of gypsum is to have a hard and smooth surface that can be coated and provide beautiful aesthetic appearance.

Recently, wall surfaces in modern homes have been finished with bricks, blocks or aesthetic stones to show off beautiful appearances.

The size of the wet material that spreads to the surface of the wall or ceiling should not be more than 0.3 cm. However, there are surfaces that report violations of more than 3 cm. In this case, a low-cost coarse grain layer is used in this case to make the surface followed by a thin layer outer layer of fine grain material.

Moreover, walls built of irregular stones and different sizes may require three layers. This is because a thick layer beneath a layer tends to decrease due to the weight of dense wet gypsum.

Types of gypsum based on the materials used

Limestone plaster:

The lime mixture consists of sand and the line that is mixed with sand from 1 to 3 lime by volume. Not only is this mixture used under the layer but also used as an outer layer. Limestone gypsum may shrink after drying, so animal hair about 5 kg is used for 1 square meter to avoid cracking and cracking plaster. Lime plaster can be used for restoration of the old structure and rehabilitation.

Cement plaster:

Portland cement is mixed with gray powder with water in a ratio of 1 cement to 3 or 4 clean sand that is washed by volume as a solid background substrate for example brick walls and walls.

The mixture of sand and cement may be plastic and requires work with experience and skill, so plasticizers or lime are usually added to the mixture in a ratio of size from 1 element: 0.25 lime: 3 sand or 1 cement to 4 sand with plasticizers, plasticizers are a liquid added to the mixture To reduce the spread of gypsum on the surface.

Adhesive gypsum:

Adhesive gypsum is widely used, the materials that form it can be extracted naturally or produced as a by-product. Therefore, adhesive plaster is used as under layer, and lime and cement are widely replaced. Moreover, the slight expansion of gypsum is highly adequate, preventing shrinkage and cracks.

There are different types of gypsum plaster that are produced by heating the gypsum to a certain degree, for example anhydrous gypsum made by heating the gypsum up to 170 ° C.

Moreover, depending on the applications of walls or ceilings, gypsum boards can be classified as gypsum, undercoat, paint and gypsum applied on one layer.

There are different types of galvanized steel beads and stops that are produced for use with gypsum. The beads are used at the intersection of the wall to the ceiling and gypsum with other materials.

Galvanized steel is used as terminals to create the ideal finishes at plaster crossings with other materials at corners, around windows, doors and surround.

There are different types of edges such as wood, metal, tiles and magnesite. Arches are molds or shapes used for decorative purposes fixed around doors and windows.

Types of adhesive plaster finishes used in building construction are:

• Finished soft casting: To obtain it, the mortar used must be in a ratio of 1: 3 [cement: sand]. For spreading mortar, skimming a buoy or a wooden buoy is the best suitable tool. Thus, a smooth and flat surface is obtained at the end.

• Final raw casting: also called spatter. It consists of coarse aggregate along with cement and sand. Its ratio is about 1: 1.5: 3. The volume of coarse aggregate used is from 3 mm to 12 mm. This type of plaster plaster is usually preferred for outdoor shows.

• Final sandy interface: a thick 12 mm thick layer of cement sand mortar is preferred in a ratio of 1: 4. The first cover should be provided with zigzag lines. Then treatment is allowed for 7 days. After that the 8 mm thick layer of the second layer is applied with cement and sand in a ratio of 1: 1. Surface level using a sponge. Finally, some sand is taken and checked for a uniform grain size. Exposed sand is applied to the second layer using skimming float or wooden float. Finally, a facade of sand is obtained with a uniform grain size of sand.

• Intermittent gravel: requires a 12 mm mortar layer with cement and sand in a ratio of 1: 3. After plaster of gravel from 10 mm to 20 mm size it is cut onto the covered surface. Then press it to the surface using a slowly wooden float. After hardening it provides the final aesthetic appearance.

• Heterozygous end: apply a final layer of 6-12 mm thickness and allow it to dry. After some time using a steel blade or plate, the end is formed up to a depth of 3 mm. And make cracks.
• Tight end: various shapes on the final shape using appropriate tools

External presentation of buildings

In general, it is not assumed that the exterior façade of buildings constructed of concrete or clay blocks is not aesthetically pleasing to the desired aesthetically pleasing nor does it provide attractive looks. This is why changing the outer faces and making them integrated with more than one type of gypsum or other materials to end in a smooth, beautiful, smooth

Moreover, it improves width and increases wall resistance to rain penetration. Moreover, the external embodiment relies on a strong bond in the background, mixtures of good perceived materials and their properties.

Read also: Earthquake resistant building technologies

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